Essay on Good Leaders Could be Great Politicians

Can Good Leaders Become Great Politicians? A leader is any person who is appointed to be in charge of a body or a group of people and to take care of all their interests in an impartial way. He has to be strong mentally and able to guide his followers to success based on facts and considering the risks involved in making a move towards a specific set of goals. A politician, on the other hand, is a person who leads a group of people with common interests and holds or aspires to hold a position in a government. He has to be elected by the masses and has the obligation to represent their interests in the office that he holds and lead his or her subjects towards a bright future based on their interests. He must have great leadership skills in order to be considered successful. One of the qualities of a great leader is the ability to be unselfish. A good leader must put the interests of his people first. One of the main challenges that a leader faces is ensuring that he considers the people’s interests above his own ones when making any decision. For instance, he has to award a tender. Some leaders fall into the temptation of awarding tenders to companies in which they have interests and end up paying more than they should at the expense of the organization that they are in charge of. If such a leader went ahead to be a politician in charge of a country, he or she would make inter-governmental deals, for example, import of goods, based on what they will gain on a personal level instead of looking at what the deal will be worth to the country. However, a leader who overcomes such a challenge will definitely make a great politician. Being impartial is another quality of a good leader. The ability to treat everyone equally will make a difference between a good and a bad leader. Some organization heads will allocate staff to departments based on the ones they favor and not the ones that deserve it. This leads to some overstaffed and understaffed departments of the same organization, which affects the overall performance. An impartial leader will make a great politician, as he will allocate resources to the whole country based on its needs and not on whether the region supported him or her to the office or not. They will also appoint people to government offices based on their performance and not on their political affiliation. This will be to the benefit of the whole country and not just of a particular region. Good decision making is another aspect of good leadership. Leaders have a responsibility to make decisions on behalf of the people who have appointed them to the position and the interests of the organization. Inability to do this leads to formation of poor policies and guidelines to the detriment of the company. The same case applies to a politician who is the President of a country. His sound decision making will lead to the development of his country politically, socially and economically. On the other hand, poor decision making will result in slow economic development, political instability and other unpleasant consequences. Another aspect of a good leader is the ability to inspire. Being a leader involves guiding people positively and giving them hope in tough times. The world financial crisis was one of the challenges that called for inspiration of the people by their leaders. Companies were facing losses and had to make tough decisions, for example, budget cuts and staff retrenchment in order to stay afloat. Leaders who managed to inspire their staff through the tough financial times by giving them hope for a brighter future managed to guide their organizations through the crisis and quickly recover after the stabilization of the world economy. Such leaders would make great political heads, as they are able to inspire their countries through various social and economic challenges. These include unemployment, famine, poor housing and social security. We have an example of the current president of the United States of America who provided inspirational leadership through the world financial crisis. This turned out to be one of the reasons the people voted for him at the presidential elections. Another aspect of a good leader is the ability to inspire. Being a leader involves guiding people positively and giving them hope in tough times. The world financial crisis was one of the challenges that called for inspiration of the people by their leaders. Companies were facing losses and had to make tough decisions, for example, budget cuts and staff retrenchment in order to stay afloat. Leaders who managed to inspire their staff through the tough financial times by giving them hope for a brighter future managed to guide their organizations through the crisis and quickly recover after the stabilization of the world economy. Such leaders would make great political heads, as they are able to inspire their countries through various social and economic challenges. These include unemployment, famine, poor housing and social security. We have an example of the current president of the United States of America who provided The four examples above are some of the many pointers to the fact that a good leader will make a great politician. A great leader is a product of good leadership and there is no way we can separate the two of them. A successful politician must have all the qualities of good leader, otherwise his or her government will be lacking in many aspects and this will affect the country’s growth negatively.

Evolution ; Procoptodon ↠Red Kangaroo - 1820 Words

Evolution; Procoptodon → Red Kangaroo Nathalie Tyler Introduction Biological evolution is not simply a matter of change over time. Lots of things change over time. Trees lose their leaves, mountain ranges rise and erode, but they aren t examples of biological evolution because they don t involve descent through genetic inheritance. Biological evolution itself is the change in characteristics of living organisms over generations. Evolutionary theories suggest that all organisms alive today share a common ancestor. As unlikely as it sounds, evidence has been discovered proving this theory (relations from a spider to a monkey). A more simplistic way of thinking of evolution is â€Å"descent with modification† which is essentially stating, over many generations, organisms change. Charles Darwin and Jean Baptiste Lamarck are often referred to as the fore founders of evolution. Of course, many, many other scientists had differing theories regarding evolution, but Darwin and Lamarck receive the most modern attention- both deserving credit for their concepts. They’re famous not for the propositions of evolution- that had already been theorised. They’re famous for providing a reasonable explanation for how evolution occurs- natural selection. In which we will delve into later. Darwin’s theory of evolution was along the lines of all life being related- each descending from a common ancestor. His theory presumes the development of life from non-life and suggests purely naturisticShow MoreRelatedDarwin and Lamarckian Theory of Evolution1087 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Evolution is the idea of a living organism adapting or mutating to gain beneficial physiological, psychological and structural features. The genetic makeup of all living things is constantly changing, due to DNA replication errors or outside factors, some of these changes impact drastically on the organism changing it for the better or worse. Typically when an organisms genetic code is changed for the better and it reproduces and outlives its unchanged counterparts this process is called

American Independent Cinema Representational Analysis of Women Free Essays

â€Å"The Hollywood film industry itself has been (and continues to be to a large extent) male-dominated. Hence, male directors, producers, writers, and cinematographers all use the camera as an instrument to look at women. † (Benshoff, pg. We will write a custom essay sample on American Independent Cinema: Representational Analysis of Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now 235) Gender also plays a large responsibility in the film industry when pertaining to what females can and can not do in films. Male characters are usually main characters and â€Å"in charge† within films, whereas the female characters are usually limited to just looking pretty while still remaining passive and somewhat outside of all the action within the story. Women today feel a large amount of pressure to look and behave like these female actresses portrayed on the big screen. With the preparation of these films women usually take a very long time in hair and make-up for the sole purpose of looking attractive and gaining more male attention in the films. Many females fail to realize how much time and preparation really goes into the looks and costume designs of the characters that are being portrayed within the film industry. In today’s society female’s feel as though they have to be beautiful and live up to a certain stereotype and â€Å"look† that is extremely unrealistic. Related essay: Pestle Analysis for Odeon Cinema Real Women Have Curves (2002)† was a film directed by Patricia Cardoso that challenges the representation of all women in society. Although the film is about a first generation Mexican-American female struggling with her family’s beliefs, her future, culture, and body, it reaches all female viewers with the same powerful message. The message is that all females can be empowered and should be proud of who they are and where they come from. Most importantly females should be proud of their bodies and not try to live up to the unlikely images that our American culture has welded for us today. Another film and director that challenged the male dominated movie industry was Susan Seidelman with her 1985 low-budget ($5million) film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan. † â€Å"†¦Seidelman doesn’t glamorize women at the expense of men. In fact, her strongest affinity is with desperate, aggressive women who never stop hustling. † (Levy, pg. 356) Her film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† looks at contemporary issues of fame, self fulfillment, and social relationships, as well as personal identity. The film is about a petite New Jersey housewife named Roberta, who is bored, unsatisfied, and tired of her marriage routine life at home. She then begins to read the personals section of the New York newspaper for vicarious thrills and entertainment. Her favorite classified to read is one that features the romance of Jim who is a struggling musician and Susan who is a free-spirited single woman living her life in Soho New York. Susan had just recently escaped her ex boyfriend who was a mobster and stole a pair of very expensive Egyptian earrings. One bored day when Roberta reads the classified section she sees the ad â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† and decides to follow Susan and Jim. The reasoning as to why Roberta decided to take this extreme measure is because this was a way for her to escape her daily average life and become someone else for a day. The film then takes an unexpected turn and becomes all about reinvention as the housewife Roberta unknowingly with amnesia transforms herself into the wild and care-free character of Susan. There were a number of different codes within the film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan (1985)† that made it easier to understand its viewpoint. Some of the cultural codes recognized within the film include cultural, narrative, artistic, cinematic, and intertexual. The film took place during the 1980’s in a small suburban town in New Jersey as well as New York City. The characters of Roberta and Gary Glass are individuals being represented as members of an upper middle class society living in New Jersey. We know that they are upper middle class because of the context clues and dialogue that we see within the movie. We hear Mr. Glass tell his wife â€Å"what are we poor? † when he tells her that she bought a used jacket that used to belong to Jimi Hendrix. Roberta is a bored, full-time housewife and he is a hardworking husband. As the film continues we meet the other main character who is a fun loving, care-free, gold digging, woman named Susan from New York. The film is told through the eyes of the main character, which is a repressed and bored housewife named Roberta. The story is also partially told through the eyes of Susan the carefree and stylish woman from New York. The story is also told through the eyes of Roberta’s worried husband Gary and her love interest Dez. The film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† was very creative and original. Some of the artistic codes within the film include the music in which is exceedingly upbeat and perfect for the time period of the 80’s. The clothing design within the film is extremely important and relevant to the development of Robert’s character. â€Å"Susan’s individualized pyramid jacket signifies her unconventional personal style and her fluency in innovating her own look. The jacket binds the two women together. Susan’s trading of looks shows her competence in putting together an always evolving and eccentric look, while Roberta’s purchase of the (second hand) jacket is part of her adventure and escape. † (Street, pg. 1) The costumes in the film stated the socio-economic status of the main characters and the time period. At the beginning of the film we acknowledge Roberta well dressed with a suburban flare and we also noticed Susan dressed as a stylish, upbeat, rocker. (Complete Opposites! ) The genre of the film â€Å"Desperately Seeking Susan† was comedy, drama, and romance because of its portrayal. The film portrays comedic humor with the mistaken identity of two polar opposites Roberta and Susan. Their journey is a comedic mystery and we never know what will happen next as Roberta searches for adventure and Susan hunts for the stolen Egyptian earring. The film also depicts drama with all of the confusion and an intense romance between Roberta and Jim. In conclusion, the film industry is particularly male dominated. However, there are more female directors, producers, etc. like Susan Seidelman and Patricia Cardoso who are making a remarkable change. These females are making films with predominately female casts, and with messages of strength, personal identity, social relationships and self- fulfillment. They’re challenging the film business and changing perceptions of women everywhere. How to cite American Independent Cinema: Representational Analysis of Women, Essay examples

Business Research Proposal Semi Structured Business

Question: Describe about the Business Research Proposal for Semi Structured Business. Answer: Introduction This research proposal attempts to formalize the requirement of a clinical study in the context of determining the level and type of health adversities faced by the people affected with the pattern of alcoholism and substance abuse. The execution of qualitative study with the utilization of semi-structured interviews warranted for delineating the pattern of the relationship between substance abuse and alcohol addiction and the corresponding disease outcomes. A concise description of the academic literature while indicating the outcomes of previous studies related to alcoholism and substance abuse presented for the consideration of the research community. Potential gaps in the academic literature and requirement of a prospective study in elevating the awareness of the masses regarding the poor health outcomes related to substance abuse and alcoholism effectively emphasized through this research proposal. Research Questions Assessment of knowledge and awareness of Australian youngsters regarding the adverse effects of alcohol addiction and substance abuse across the community environment Determination of the level of health risks and diseases of the young individuals affected with alcoholism and substance abuse Aims of the study The preliminary objective of this research study attributes to the identification of significant health risks and disease conditions associated with the pattern of alcohol addiction and substance abuse among the Australian youth. Furthermore, the research study will focus on the scope of elevation of the level of awareness and knowledge of the youngsters regarding the adversities of alcohol addiction and substance abuse. Eventually, the identification of the requirement of increasing substance abuse and alcoholism related knowledge base of the young individuals would assist health professionals in configuring various mitigation strategies for reducing the burden of these adverse conditions across the community environment. Background The findings in evidence-based literature reveal that 60% of the total healthcare expenditure spent by the Australian government in resolving the episodes of drug crime (McDonald, 2011). The pattern of drug addiction is a chronically relapsing condition that results from the compulsive utilization of addictive drugs by the young individuals (Ali, et al., 2011). The pattern of drug addiction among youngsters considerably affects the level of their cognitive ability and mental health (Placeholder1). Adverse outcomes of the deterioration in mental health of the drug addicts include the reduction in their attention, memory, learning, impulse control and reasoning abilities. The drug addiction pattern among the youngsters makes them highly prone towards the development of a craving for drugs derived from adverse psychological outcomes. The addictive drugs like cocaine, amphetamine, opium, alcohol, cannabis and nicotine adversely influence the declarative learning, working memory, attentio n span and cognitive flexibility of the affected youngsters (Placeholder1). The addictive drugs behavior predominantly influences the young individuals from the onset of adolescence and continues to deteriorate their verbal comprehension, auditory and oral arithmetic memory with age advancement. The research findings by (Gould, 2010) indicate the smoking tendency of schizophrenic patients in relation to the enhancement of their sensory stimuli for reducing the pattern of cognitive decline. Some of the schizophrenic patients become nicotine addicts with the objective of decreasing the adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs. In real time scenarios, schizophrenic patients addicted with smoking habit experience the acute psychosocial manifestations and need more frequent medical interventions as compared to schizophrenic patients who refrain themselves from smoking. Evidence-based research literature reveals the adverse socioeconomic outcomes of substance and alcohol abuse among the und erprivileged youngsters in the society (Patrick, Wightman, Schoeni, Schulenberg, 2012). Contrarily, wealthy youngsters do not experience the economic adversities in relation to their substance abuse behaviors; however, the pattern of their marijuana addiction and episodic drinking makes them prone towards the development of debilitating chronic conditions and their adverse manifestations. The research findings by (Ali, et al., 2011)reveal the high risk of the illicit utilization of drugs among teenagers resulting from the factors like inappropriate parental supervision, family conflicts, poor communication and unawareness regarding the adverse effects of drugs misuse among the individuals. The teenagers as well as young individuals affected by substance abuse exhibit the adverse social behavior including the pattern of disrespect and deception for their family members and lies in hiding their illegitimate activities. The findings by (Pompili, et al., 2010) indicate the adverse psyc hosocial consequences experienced by the alcoholic youngsters under the influence of alcohol intoxication and dependence. The research literature reveals the high level of unawareness regarding the adverse effects of alcohol abuse among the parents of the adolescent drinkers (McMorris, Catalano, Kim, Toumbourou, Hemphill, 2011). Indeed, half of the population of adolescent drinkers takes assistance from their parents regarding obtaining alcohol and other addictive substances. This indicates the high requirement of educating the Australian youngsters as well as their parents regarding the adverse psychosocial implications of substance abuse across the community environment. The cultural environment across the Australian subcontinent promotes the high utilization of alcohol among the young individuals (Kelly, et al., 2016). This indicates the requirement of administering culture oriented interventions for reducing the pattern of alcohol addiction and substance abuse by the youngsters . The research findings by (Jones Magee, 2011) indicate the elevated influence of alcohol related advertisements on the pattern of alcohol addiction among young people. Therefore, the mass media also holds the accountability of extensively promoting the alcohol consumption among youngsters while surpassing the detrimental effects of alcohol addiction on the health of the affected individuals. This indicates the high requirement of administration of various promotional strategies for decreasing the level of alcohol consumption among the young individuals in Australia. The clinical conditions like alcoholic liver disease, infectious processes, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatric disease and pancreatic disease are the outcomes of alcohol consumption among individuals (Rehm, 2011). Furthermore, various autoimmune conditions including HIV, AIDS and SLE intensify their adverse manifestations among the affected patients under the influence of alcohol consumption. Th e youngsters affected with neuropsychiatric disorders experience the highest risk of developing alcohol dependence that eventually leads to the deterioration of their mental symptoms (Rehm, 2011). Excessive consumption of alcohol adversely influences the psychomotor abilities of youngsters and makes them prone towards the development of suicidal ideation and intentional as well as unintentional injuries. Alcoholic and drugs addicted youngsters experience the risk of social harm attributing to financial constraints, criminal convictions and unemployment (Rehm, 2011). The research findings by (Sutherland, et al., 2016) indicate the elevated utilization of e-cigarette among the Australian drug addicts in overcoming their habit of smoking. This indicates the willingness of youngsters in defeating their pattern of substance abuse; however, the increase in the level of knowledge and awareness of these individuals regarding the dangers of substance abuse and alcoholism warranted for assist ing them in dropping the habit of drug and alcohol addiction. Significance and innovation of the proposed study The proposed research study will subjectively analyze the drug addiction and substance abuse pattern of Australian youth while correlating the findings with the awareness level of youngsters and their families regarding the requirement of cessation of these adverse behaviors for increasing the wellness outcomes. The analysis of the clinical history of alcoholics and drug addicts will help to identify the percentage of addicted youngsters affected with various acute and chronic illnesses. Expected outcomes/implications for practice The outcomes of the proposed research study expected to be in congruence with the findings of evidence-based academic literature that advocate the requirement of increasing the level of awareness of Australian youngsters and their families for reducing the adverse manifestations of substance abuse and alcohol addiction across the community environment. Methodology The research study will deploy the qualitative sampling method in retrieving the findings of the administered study interventions. The strategic sampling will facilitate the systematic acquisition of data obtained from the execution of semi-structured interviews of the alcoholics, drug addicts as well as healthy youngsters and their families (Schatz, 2012). The data will require incorporation in an electronic database with the deployment of the necessary firewalls and other security measures. The research study will take into consideration the inclusion of 500 young individuals within age group 16 25 years and their family members (irrespective of their ages) for interviewing them in the context of evaluating their awareness level regarding the adverse implications of alcohol abuse and drug addiction across the community environment. Study participants will include the youngsters affected with substance abuse and alcoholism and exclude healthy individuals who do not experience these adverse behavioral tendencies. The interviews with the youngsters and their family members will be conducted individually; however, the participants will also be allowed to engage themselves in interview sessions with the facilitators in focus groups for executing an open discussion on the subject of study (Ayala Elder, 2011). The facilitator will post the open-ended questions during the beginning of the interview sessions in the context of determining their behavioral orientation and inclination towards substance abuse and alcoholism. However, closed-ended questions will be asked until middle to the end of the session for acquiring the specific information regarding the health adversities faced by the alcoholic and drug/smoking addicted individuals. The following questions will be disseminated to participants while utilizing standard Performa; however, the focused group sessions require recording by the facilitators for their subsequent transcription on the standardized format. T he inductive strategy will require utilization for coding the focus group sessions with the effective utilization of psychometrically sound coding systems (Ayala Elder, 2011). This will eventually assist the facilitators in tracking the determinants of the drug/alcohol addictive behaviors of the interviewed individuals. The following series of questions will require configuration on the standardized format and disseminated to the research participants for recording their individualized responses on the topic of substance abuse and alcohol addiction behaviors. Attitude Section Subjective Responses Score Reference Range How do you see yourself in an environment where alcohol and drugs are freely available for entertainment? 0 1 (Minimal awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) 2 3 (Limited awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) 4 5 (Average awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) 6 7 (Satisfactory awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) 8 9 (Good awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) 9 10 (Excellent awareness and knowledge of the dangers of substance abuse/alcoholism on health and society) Do you feel relaxed with your mates and colleagues? What are your academic, cultural and professional achievements until date? What do you think about trusting on people? How do you face stressful events encountered while appearing in exams and searching for jobs? Do you sleep well at night? Knowledge Section What do you understand by alcohol addiction and substance abuse? Do your parents allow you to consume drugs and alcohol at home? How do you feel after consuming the drugs? Do you know if you are suffering from any disease or clinical complication? How many people in your family consume alcohol or drugs? Do you understand the type of medical conditions and social problems you might face in relation to your daily utilization of alcohol and drugs? Do you experience any suicidal or homicidal thought? Are you willing to leave your addictive behavior How many fights you do till the end of your day at home and outside? Are you consuming any antipsychotic medications? Are you aware of your past medical history and history of present illness? If yes, what diseases you have experienced so far? The reference range calculated based on the responses to the questions will determine the knowledge base of the subjects regarding the dangers of alcohol addiction and substance abuse. Furthermore, the responses received from the focus group sessions will determine the health risks and disease conditions experienced by the youngsters in relation to their pattern of substance abuse and alcoholism. The statistical evaluation of the study findings and bias, exploratory factor analysis, generation of confidence intervals and exclusion of confounding factors will be accomplished with the effective utilization of SPSS software application (Larsen Warne, 2010). Trained clinical psychiatrists and mental health workers will execute the collection of information from questionnaires and focus group sessions across the selected geographical location. The study intervention will continue for tenure of 8 days (6 hours per day basis) in the selected research center. Ethical considerations The preliminary requirement of initiating the research study attributes to the acquisition of the informed consent from the human participants (Nijhawan, et al., 2013). The study facilitators require keeping the confidentiality of the protected health information of the entire study participants and should not disclose the same to unauthorized persons under any circumstances in the context of avoiding the scope of data breaches (Liu, Musen, Chou, 2015). Research facilitators must show respect to the study participants and maintain their dignity through the process of study interventions. They should not misrepresent the information and keep transparency and honesty while executing open conversations with the study subjects (Sanjari, Bahramnezhad, Fomani, Shoghi, Cheraghi, 2014). The facilitators should not attempt to enforce their views and perspectives on the study participants and refrain themselves from practicing coercion while obtaining the study findings. The research must av oid personal conflicts with the participants in the context of retaining the precision of the study outcomes. The study facilitators must retain the confidentiality of individual responses of the research participants obtained through interview sessions. Study facilitators require obtaining the approval certificate from the local ethics review board prior to initiating the research interventions on the enrolled subjects (Kaiser, 2009). Facilitators should update the absence of risk of adverse outcomes related to the qualitative interventions to the study participants and inform them regarding the potential health advantages of the study findings for the society in general. The organizers of the research study must ascertain the exclusion of questions related to politically charged matters throughout the course of interview sessions (Peter, 2015). The research study requires execution in a comfortable environment in the context of receiving unbiased responses by the study subjects. Study limitations Limited number of participants included in the research study and the tenure of study intervention is not sufficient to generalize the results on a larger scale. The study revolves around the findings from youngsters while ignoring the pattern of substance abuse and alcoholism among the elderly individuals. In the absence of comparative analysis of study findings between various age groups, the study results require further validation through prospective quantitative research studies for exploring the level of awareness of individuals and mitigating strategies warranted for reducing the burden of substance abuse and alcohol addiction among individuals across the community environment. Administration of the research Study organizers need to shortlist qualified and licensed mental health experts and clinical psychologists for conducting the semi structured questionnaires and focus group sessions with the study participants. The study requires funding from a governmental or non-governmental in relation to the accomplishment of resources allocation, communication channels, electronic database and other miscellaneous expenses. The research study requires accomplishment within tenure of 8 working days and data needs acquisition through interview sessions that will be conducted between 9: 00 am to 6:00 pm on a daily basis. The cost analysis for the project is mentioned-below: Selection of candidates: $ 20, 000 Hiring of research center: $50, 000 Paper work: $10, 000 Methodology: $ 75, 000 Publication of results: $20, 000 Total Cost: $175, 000 Conclusion The research study will identify the knowledge gap of the youngsters and their families regarding the adverse health influences of substance abuse and alcohol addiction habits across the community environment. Resultantly, the study findings will open new pathways for configuring systematic strategies in reducing the burden of disease manifestations related to the pattern of alcoholism, drugs craving and dependence among the young individuals. References Ali, S. F., Onaivi, E. S., Dodd, P. R., Cadet, J. L., Schenk, S., Kuhar, M. J., et al. (2011). Understanding the Global Problem of Drug Addiction is a Challenge for IDARS Scientists. Current Neuropharmacology , 9 (1), 2-7. Ali, S., Mouton, C. P., Jabeen, S., Ofoemezie, E. K., Bailey, R. K., Shahid, M., et al. (2011). Early Detection of Illicit Drug Use in Teenagers. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience , 24-28. Ayala, G. X., Elder, J. P. (2011). Qualitative methods to ensure acceptability of behavioral and social interventions to the target population. Journal of Public Health Dentistry , 71 ((0 1 )), S69S79. Gould, T. J. (2010). Addiction and Cognition. Addiction Science and Clinical Practice , 5 (2), 4-14. Jones, S. C., Magee, C. A. (2011). Exposure to alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among Australian adolescents. Alcohol and Alcoholism , 46 (5), 630-637. Kaiser, K. (2009). Protecting Respondent Confidentiality in Qualitative Research. Qualitative Health Research , 19 (11), 1632-1641. Kelly, A. B., Chan, G. C., Weier, M., Quinn, C., Gullo, M. J., Connor, J. P., et al. (2016). Parental supply of alcohol to Australian minors: an analysis of six nationally representative surveys spanning 15 years. BMC Public Health , 16 (325). Larsen, R., Warne, R. T. (2010). Estimating confidence intervals for eigenvalues in exploratory factor analysis. Behavior Research Methods , 871-876. Liu, V., Musen, M. A., Chou, T. (2015). Data Breaches of Protected Health Information in the United States. JAMA , 313 (14), 14711473. McDonald, D. (2011). Australian governments' spending on preventing and responding to drug abuse should target the main sources of drug-related harm and the most cost-effective interventions. Drug and Alcohol Review , 96-100. McMorris, B. J., Catalano, R. F., Kim, M. J., Toumbourou, J. W., Hemphill, S. A. (2011). Influence of Family Factors and Supervised Alcohol Use on Adolescent Alcohol Use and Harms: Similarities Between Youth in Different Alcohol Policy Contexts. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs , 72 (3), 418-428. Nijhawan, L. P., Janodia, M. D., Muddukrishna, B. S., Bhat, K. M., Bairy, K. L., Udupa, N., et al. (2013). Informed consent: Issues and challenges. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology and Research , 4 (3), 134-140. Patrick, M. E., Wightman, P., Schoeni, R. F., Schulenberg, J. E. (2012). Socioeconomic Status and Substance Use Among Young Adults: A Comparison Across Constructs and Drugs. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs , 73 (5), 772-782. Peter, E. (2015). The ethics in qualitative health research: special considerations. Cincia Sade Coletiva , 2625-30. Pompili, M., Serafini, G., Innamorati, M., Dominici, G., Ferracuti, S., Kotzalidis, G. D., et al. (2010). Suicidal Behavior and Alcohol Abuse. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 7 (4), 1392-1431. Rehm, J. (2011). The Risks Associated With Alcohol Use and Alcoholism. Alcohol Research Current Reviews , 34 (2), 135-143. Sanjari, M., Bahramnezhad, F., Fomani, F. K., Shoghi, M., Cheraghi, M. A. (2014). Ethical challenges of researchers in qualitative studies: the necessity to develop a specific guideline. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine . Schatz, E. (2012). Rationale and procedures for nesting semi-structured interviews in surveys or censuses. Population Studies , 66 (2), 183-195. Sutherland, R., Sindicich, N., Entwistle, G., Whittaker, E., Peacock, A., Matthews, A., et al. (2016). Tobacco and e-cigarette use amongst illicit drug users in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 35-41.